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Influence of Catalyst Utilisation on the Electrochemical Behaviour of Low Temperature DMFCs

Journal article published in 2006 by V. Baglio ORCID, A. Di Blasi, E. Modica, P. Cretì, V. Antonucci, A. S. Aricò
This paper is available in a repository.
This paper is available in a repository.

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Abstract

Catalyst utilisation properties of an 85 wt% Pt-Ru (1:1 a/o)/C anode and a 60 wt% Pt/C cathode in Direct Methanol Fuel Cells (DMFCs) operating at low temperatures (30 • C-60 • C) was investigated. The catalysts were in-house prepared and characterised in terms of structure and morphology. The influence of noble metal loading on the performance of low temperature DMFCs was investigated by steady-state polarisation measurements. A stripping voltammetry analysis of the adsorbed methanolic residues was carried out in-situ to get information on electrode activity and catalyst utilisation. The DMFC maximum power density increased linearly from 30 to 75 mW·cm −2 at 60 • C passing from 1 to 5 mg·cm −2 Pt loading in both electrodes. By further increasing the Pt loading at 10 mg·cm −2 only a slight increase of power density was recorded (81 mW·cm −2). Moreover, a decrease of catalyst utilisation was observed in the latter case. Furthermore, a decrease of Pt anode loading to 2 mg·cm −2 whilst maintaining the cathode loading at 5 mg·cm −2 did not result in significant performance degradation. The present analysis indicates that, in the low temperature range, a Pt loading of 5 mg·cm −2 at the cathode and 2 mg·cm −2 at the anode could be a suitable compromise in terms of performance, tolerance to cross-over effects and optimisation of noble metal loading allowing DMFCs to cover the power requirements of a wide number of portable devices.