We report on p27 and cyclin E immunoreactivity (IR) in 86 patients with myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS). No association was found between cyclin E IR and survival in the whole series. Cyclin E IR was more prevalent in patients with refractory anemia (RA) and RA with ringed sideroblasts (RARS) with poor survival, although this trend was not statistically significant.