Cap Carbonates overlie the Marinoan Snowball Earth-related glacial diamictite, and possibly record the drastic surface environmental change and biological evolution after the Snowball Earth. We conducted on-land drilling from the Liantuo Formation, through the Nantuo, to the lower Doushantuo Formation in the Three Gorges area of South China to collect fresh, continuous samples in the Three Gorges area. We obtained high-resolution chemostratigraphies of δ13C and δ18O values of carbonates from the topmost part of the Nantuo Formation to the Cap Carbonate, in order to decode the detailed surface environmental change in the shallow marine setting. The δ13C chemostratigraphy possesses some unique characteristics: (1) stable δ13C values as a whole, but ubiquitous low δ13C anomalies through the Cap Carbonate, (2) increase of the δ13C values from -3 to +5‰ across the C2/C3 boundary, (3) no δ13C anomaly between the C1 and C2 boundary, and (4) presence of an anomalous high δ13C value (+2.3 ‰) and a faint positive correlation between δ13C and δ18O values in the C1 unit.