An accidental contamination occurred in the sub-Antarctic Crozet Archipelago between July and November 1997 near the Alfred Faure scientific station. More than 20,000 L of diesel fuel were accidentally spilled in the soil in the vicinity of the power station. To evaluate the efficiency of the expected bioattenuation process, a field study was initiated in July 2001. The data set provided new evidences of the presence of indigenous hydrocarbon-degrading microorganisms in sub-Antarctic soils and their high potential for a fast bioremediation action. The rate of oil degradation was improved by biostimulation treatments. However, the biostimulating effects were strongly dependent upon the physical and chemical properties of the contaminated soils. This is an abstract of a paper presented at the 8th International In Situ and On-Site Bioremediation Symposium (Baltimore, MD 6/6-9/2005).