In the last decade an increase of the number of red foxes in anthropized habitats acrossEuropean countries, including Italy, has been observed. This pones implications in terms ofdisease transmission between wildlife and domestic animals; in fact, there are evidencesof the role of foxes as reservoirs and amplifiers of a broad spectrum of parasites infectingpets. The present study evaluated the prevalence of Eucoleus boehmi, an emerging extra-intestinal nematodes of the Capillariinae subfamily, in red foxes.The nasal passages and sinuses of 179 red foxes culled from several areas of northern andcentral Italy were inspected and the mucosal surfaces were scrapped and examined for adultnematodes and eggs, microscopically and genetically identified. Overall 55 foxes (30.7%)were found to be infected with E. boehmi, i.e. 27 on inspection of the nasal passages andsinuses and 28 on mucosal flush and scraping. The occurrence of E. boehmi was significantly(p