A series of zinc ferrite chains have been synthesized successfully by using the self-assembly method in different synthesizing magnetic fields. The particle chains are arranged in order on the Si substrate under the assistant magnetic field. The zinc ferrite chains show various length-to-radius aspect ratio, saturation magnetization Ms, remanent magnetization Mr, and coercivity Hc in the corresponding synthesizing magnetic fields. Using X-ray magnetic circular dichroism, the Zn substitution mechanism in the ferrite chains has been analyzed and discussed.