The low-density poly(ethylene), which is prone to hydrophilicity, dyeability, and bondability, was modified by surface barrier discharge and radio-frequency discharge plasma. A process of plasma modification was investigated to improve adhesion between poly(ethylene) and more polar polymers, to improve surface properties, and to form a new surface containing polar functional groups incoming to reactions with diazo-compounds, and/or vinyl silanes. The measurements of contact angles and peel strengths of adhesive joints were carried out for characterization of the surface and adhesive properties of the polymer modified by plasma. The topography of modified poly(ethylene) was studied using atomic force microscopy, and changes in chemical structure were analyzed with X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.