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Wiley, Journal of Evolutionary Biology, 10(24), p. 2269-2279, 2011

DOI: 10.1111/j.1420-9101.2011.02358.x

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Order-preserving principles underlying genotype-phenotype maps ensure high additive proportions of genetic variance

Journal article published in 2011 by A. B. Gjuvsland ORCID, J. O. Vik, J. A. Woolliams, S. W. Omholt
This paper was not found in any repository, but could be made available legally by the author.
This paper was not found in any repository, but could be made available legally by the author.

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Abstract

In quantitative genetics, the degree of resemblance between parents and offspring is described in terms of the additive variance (V(A)) relative to genetic (V(G)) and phenotypic (V(P)) variance. For populations with extreme allele frequencies, high V(A)/V(G) can be explained without considering properties of the genotype-phenotype (GP) map. We show that randomly generated GP maps in populations with intermediate allele frequencies generate far lower V(A)/V(G) values than empirically observed. The main reason is that order-breaking behaviour is ubiquitous in random GP maps. Rearrangement of genotypic values to introduce order-preservation for one or more loci causes a dramatic increase in V(A)/V(G). This suggests the existence of order-preserving design principles in the regulatory machinery underlying GP maps. We illustrate this feature by showing how the ubiquitously observed monotonicity of dose-response relationships gives much higher V(A)/V(G) values than a unimodal dose-response relationship in simple gene network models.