The effect of calcium lactate on the cellular structure and mechanical properties of osmodehydrated melon pieces with sucrose solutions was studied. Samples were treated with sucrose solutions (40 or 60°Brix) containing calcium lactate (0 to 20 g kg−1). The salt had a remarkable effect on the stress at failure and the cellular structure of fruits, resulting in structural preservation when used at concentrations of up to 10 g kg−1. Salt concentrations above 15 g kg−1 as well as the treatment performed with sucrose solution alone promoted cytoplasm plasmolysis and cell wall damages. Fruits processed with sucrose solutions at 60°Brix with or without calcium lactate showed good sensory acceptance, while fruits treated with sucrose solutions at 40°Brix presented statistically significant lower scores at calcium concentrations above 15 g kg−1.