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IOP Publishing, Journal of Physics: Condensed Matter, 30(16), p. 5569-5582

DOI: 10.1088/0953-8984/16/30/017

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Annealing effects on the structure and magnetic properties of Fe–C granular films

Journal article published in 2004 by W. B. Mi, Z. Q. Li ORCID, P. Wu, E. Y. Jiang, H. L. Bai
This paper is available in a repository.
This paper is available in a repository.

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Postprint: archiving forbidden
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Abstract

Fe–C granular films with different Fe volume fraction xv were fabricated using a DC facing-target sputtering system at room temperature and subsequently annealed at different temperatures. X-ray diffraction and selected area electron diffraction analyses indicate that as-deposited and low-temperature annealed () samples are composed of amorphous Fe and C, and higher temperature annealing makes the amorphous Fe transform to α-Fe, which is also confirmed by high-resolution transmission electron microscopy. Magnetic measurements indicate that at room temperature the as-deposited Fe–C (xv = 58) granular films are superparamagnetic and annealed ones are ferromagnetic. The coercivity of 100 nm thick Fe–C (xv = 58) granular films increases with annealing temperature (for 1 h) and time (at 450 °C). The coercivity of the 100 nm thick Fe–C (xv = 58) samples annealed at temperatures ranging from 400 to 500 °C decreases linearly with measuring temperature T, signalling a domain wall motion mechanism. For the samples annealed at 550 °C, the change of in-plane coercivity with T satisfies the relation , reflecting that this system behaves better as a set of Stoner–Wohlfarth particles. It was also found that there exists a critical thickness ( nm) for the 450 °C annealed (for 1 h) Fe–C (xv = 58) granular films with thickness in the range 100–200 nm, below and above which the magnetization reversal is dominated by domain wall motion and by Stoner–Wohlfarth rotation, respectively.