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Springer (part of Springer Nature), Biological Invasions, 4(15), p. 837-846

DOI: 10.1007/s10530-012-0332-8

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Ecological impacts of an invasive predator explained and predicted by comparative functional responses

This paper is available in a repository.
This paper is available in a repository.

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Abstract

Forecasting the ecological impacts of invasive species is a major challenge that has seen little progress, yet the development of robust predic-tive approaches is essential as new invasion threats continue to emerge. A common feature of ecologically damaging invaders is their ability to rapidly exploit and deplete resources. We thus hypothesized that the 'functional response' (the relationship between resource density and consumption rate) of such invasive species might be of consistently greater magnitude than those of taxonomically and/or trophi-cally similar native species. Here, we derived func-tional responses of the predatory Ponto-Caspian freshwater 'bloody red' shrimp, Hemimysis anomala, a recent and ecologically damaging invader in Europe and N. America, in comparison to the local native analogues Mysis salemaai and Mysis diluviana in Ireland and Canada, respectively. This was conducted in a novel set of experiments involving multiple prey species in each geographic location and a prey species that occurs in both regions. The predatory functional responses of the invader were generally higher than those of the comparator native species and this difference was consistent across invaded regions. Moreover, those prey species characterized by the strongest and potentially de-stabilizing Type II func-tional responses in our laboratory experiments were the same prey species found to be most impacted by H. anomala in the field. The impact potential of