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Springer (part of Springer Nature), Boundary-Layer Meteorology, 1(151), p. 119-138

DOI: 10.1007/s10546-013-9869-z

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Air–Sea $\mathrm{CO}_{2}$ CO 2 Gas Transfer Velocity in a Shallow Estuary

Journal article published in 2014 by Eva Thorborg Mørk, Lise Lotte Sørensen ORCID, Bjarne Jensen, Mikael K. Sejr
This paper is available in a repository.
This paper is available in a repository.

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Abstract

The air–sea transfer velocity of CO2(kCO2) was investigated in a shallow estuary in March to July 2012, using eddy-covariance measurements of CO2 fluxes and measured air–sea CO2 partial-pressure differences. A data evaluation method that eliminates data by nine rejection criteria in order to heighten parametrization certainty is proposed. We tested the data evaluation method by comparing two datasets: one derived using quality criteria related solely to the eddy-covariance method, and the other derived using quality criteria based on both eddy-covariance and cospectral peak methods. The best parametrization of transfer velocity normalized to a Schmidt number of 600 (k600) was determined to be: k600=0.3U102.5 where U10 is the wind speed in m s−1 at 10 m; k600 is based on CO2 fluxes calculated by the eddy-covariance method and including the cospectral peak method criteria. At low wind speeds, the transfer velocity in the shallow water estuary was lower than in other coastal waters, possibly a symptom of low tidal amplitude leading to low intensity water turbulence. High transfer velocities were recorded above wind speeds of 5 m s−1 , believed to be caused by early-breaking waves and the large fetch (6.5 km) of the estuary. These findings indicate that turbulence in both air and water influences the transfer velocity.