This study examines associations between SNPs in the promoter region of the fatty acid binding protein 3 (FABP3) gene and fatness traits in pure bred Large White (n = 98), Duroc (n = 99) and Pietrain (n = 98) populations. In the Large White breed, SNP g.-634 C>A was associated a 27% increase in IMF (%) in the heterozygote (CA) and a 38% increase in the homozygote (CC) relative to the (AA) genotype in the M. semimembranosus (SM) muscle (P = 0.02). While the associations observed in this breed were suggestive of significance in both the SM and in the M. longissimus thoracis et lumborum (LTL) (P = 0.08), these associations no longer attained significance at thresholds adjusted for multiple testing. In conclusion, SNPs in the FABP3 promoter may contribute to IMF without influencing carcass fatness traits in pigs, however further confirmation of these associations in larger independent populations would be essential before their incorporation into breeding programmes.