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Crop Science Society of America, Crop Science, 2(53), p. 732

DOI: 10.2135/cropsci2012.12.0006br

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Control of Crop Diseases, Third Edition

Journal article published in 2013 by Karen Harris-Shultz ORCID
This paper is available in a repository.
This paper is available in a repository.

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Abstract

The authors in the Control of Crop Diseases cover a wide range of topics from crop diseases and their diagnosis and eradication to a primer on fungicides and legislation. This wide range of topics, all critical areas relative to crop diseases, thus appeals to a wide audience from molecular biologists to plant pathologists to plant breeders. The book should be a beneficial text for graduate students of plant biology. After the introduction, the authors (Chapter 2) begin with the major crop diseases in the United Kingdom (UK). Although it is likely that many readers may not be located in the UK, the discussion of diseases that affect cereals, oil seed crops, potatoes, sugar beets, legumes, apples, pears, and greenhouse-grown crops will be applicable, as many of these crops are grown outside of the UK. The authors discuss the diagnosis of diseases in crops (Chapter 3) from visual symptoms (of which there are 24 color photographs placed in the fungicide chapter showing the effects of diseases on the various plant species), by inducing sporulation or other laboratory techniques, and by the use of enzyme-linked immunosorbant assay (ELISA) and DNA-based techniques for pathogen identification. The discussion of the analysis of genome structure is outdated and could be revised to cover the new sequencing technologies. Chapter 4 focuses on the eradication of pathogens, certification of seed and planting material, and legal restrictions on the movement of plants and plant produce. To reduce pathogen numbers, the authors suggest the disposal of crop residues by removal from the greenhouse, plowing for field-grown cereal crops, and removal of discarded potatoes or fruits. Furthermore, volunteer plants and weeds may serve as disease bridges and should be destroyed by plowing or using herbicides. The eradication of soil pathogens may be completed by steaming or the application of chemical sterilants, such as dazomet. For greenhouse pathogen eradication, hosing down the greenhouse with disinfectant, and all growing materials, such as pots and trays, can be soaked in disinfectant. Because many plant pathogens are infected by a vector such as aphids, insecticide use is suggested. To control pathogens on seed, treatment of seeds with an appropriate fungicide or hot water is suggested. The authors mention in the book that vegetatively propagated crops are prone to attack by viral diseases (Chapter 2). Elimination of viruses from vegetatively propagated crops can be achieved by meristem-tip culture accompanied by heat treatment. Certification schemes are discussed for seed potatoes, strawberries, raspberries, and top fruit. Although the certification and legislative bodies are specific for the UK, the procedures described can be used worldwide. The authors discuss techniques of crop husbandry (Chapter 5) to reduce diseases through crop rotation, soil sterilization, sowing at recommended seed rates and approximate depth, modifying lime and fertilizer applications, and killing the vegetative parts of some crops before harvest (potato). Chapter 6 covers the production of cultivars resistant to plant diseases to reduce chemical applications and ease husbandry procedures. The authors also cover the preservation of germplasm of landraces or wild relatives of crop plants that may contain disease-resistance genes and warn that resistance based on one or a few genes may not be long-lasting. The chapter describes how new resistant cultivars have often been created by the pedigree method, backcrossing, and mutation breeding. The strongest part of the book is the discussion of fungicides (Chapter 7), of which the information is