The production of propolis by honeybees results from a selective collection of exudates from leaf buds andplants present in the hive neighborhood leading to a resin with many potentialities in the pharmaceuticalindustry. This study aims to quantify the phenolic content in propolis from different Portuguese regionsand in the potential floral sources, Populus x Canadensis Moench buds and Cistus ladanifer L., in order toestablish links with geographical and botanical origin.The Portuguese propolis revealed a phenolic profile with marked differences in concentrations: therichness in flavonoids is common in all regions, but more evident in propolis from central interior, southand Madeira. The composition of poplar type propolis common in temperate zones was observed in thenorth, central coast and Azores, while the central interior and south samples, with a composition richin kaempferol derivatives, resemble the C. ladanifer exudates, a spontaneous bush widespread in theMediterranean. The compound kaempferol-3,7-dimethyl-ether, absent in the poplar type propolis, canbe regard as a possible marker for the discrimination of these two types of propolis.