Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Emerging Infectious Diseases, 1(19), p. 167-169, 2013
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TO THE EDITOR: Species of the genus Cronobacter are relatively heterogeneous at the phenotypic and molecular levels (1). In 2012, the following 7 Cronobacter species had been defined: C. sakazakii, C. malonaticus, C. turicensis, C. dublinensis, C. muytjensii, C. condimenti, and C. universalis (2). These opportunistic pathogens cause bacteremia and meningitis in neonates and are associated with necrotizing enterocolitis (3); ≈30% of infants with Cronobacter bacteremia or meningitis have died (4). Cronobacter spp. primarily infect infants, but infections among immunocompromised patients, particularly elderly patients, have been reported (5). Although these organisms are ubiquitous in the environment and have been isolated from a variety of foods, Cronobacter spp. infections in infants have been epidemiologically associated with ingestion of contaminated powdered infant formula (6). Few reports of C. sakazakii infections in adults have been published.