Lantibiotic peptides contain thioether bridges termed lanthionines that are putatively generated by dehydration of Ser and Thr residues followed by Michael addition of cysteine residues within the peptide. The LanB and LanC proteins have been proposed to catalyze the dehydration and formation of the thioether rings, respectively. We report here the first heterologous overexpression in Escherichia coli of SpaB, the putative dehydratase for subtilin. Sequence analysis of spaB revealed several nucleotide differences with current gene database entries. The solubility of SpaB was increased dramatically when co-expressed with GroEL/ES, and soluble His(6)-tagged SpaB was purified. The protein is at least a dimer, and interaction between SpaB and SpaC was observed. SpaS the putative substrate for SpaB was overexpressed in E. coli as an intein fusion protein, and after cleavage, the peptide was obtained in good yield.