Immobilization of transition metal complexes with catalytic, electronic or luminescent properties onto solid supports is a theme of intense research. The relatively good knowledge of conventional oxide support (silica, alumina, zeolites) surface chemistry has already allowed the design, at the molecular level, of single site species and supported nanoparticles. However, carbon materials offer advantages over the oxide supports such as thermal and chemical stability, mechanical resistance, high surface area, optimum porosity and particularly a rich (but complex) surface chemistry. In the present exhaustive and comprehensive review article, we intend to give for the first time a complete overview of surface coordination chemistry and supramolecular coordination chemistry on carbon surfaces, including fullerenes, which have been developed mainly during the past few years (2007-2014).