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American Institute of Physics, Applied Physics Letters, 20(107), p. 204103, 2015

DOI: 10.1063/1.4935917

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Nonlinear focusing of ultrasonic waves by an axisymmetric diffraction grating embedded in water

Journal article published in 2015 by N. Jiménez ORCID, V. Romero García, R. Picó, L. M. Garcia Raffi ORCID, K. Staliunas
This paper is available in a repository.
This paper is available in a repository.

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Abstract

We report the nonlinear focusing of ultrasonic waves by an axisymmetric diffraction grating immersed in water. In the linear regime, the system presents high focal gain (32 dB), with a narrow beam-width and intense side lobes as it is common in focusing by Fresnel-like lenses. Activating the nonlinearity of the host medium by using high amplitude incident waves, the focusing properties of the lens dramatically change. Theoretical predictions show that the focal gain of the system extraordinary increases in the strongly nonlinear regime (Mach number of 6.1 × 10-4). Particularly, the harmonic generation is locally activated at the focal spot, and the second harmonic beam is characterized by strongly reduced side-lobes and an excellent beam profile as experiments show in agreement with theory. The results can motivate applications in medical therapy or second harmonic imaging.