Published in
Elsevier, Fusion Engineering and Design, (98-99), p. 1328-1332, 2015
DOI: 10.1016/j.fusengdes.2015.01.028
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Combined impact of transient heat loads and steady-state plasma exposure on tungsten
,
Marius Wirtz,
Gennady Sergienko ,
Isabel Steudel,
Aleksey Arakcheev,
Aleksander Burdakov,
Hans Guenter Esser,
Michaele Freisinger,
Arkadi Kreter ,
Jochen Linke,
Christian Linsmeier ,
Philippe Mertens,
Sören Möller ,
Volker Philipps,
Gerald Pintsuk
and other authors.
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Abstract
Cracking thresholds and crack patterns in tungsten targets have been studied in recent experiments after repetitive ITER-like ELM heat pulses in combination with plasma exposure in PSI-2 (Γtarget = 2.5–4.0 × 1021 m−2 s−1, ion energy on surface Eion = 60 eV, Te ≈ 10 eV). The heat pulses were simulated by laser irradiation. A Nd:YAG laser with energy per pulse of up to 32 J and a duration of 1 ms at the fundamental wavelength (λ = 1064 nm, repetition rate 0.5 Hz) was used to irradiate ITER-grade W samples with repetitive heat loads.