BackgroundThe association between childhood adversity and psychosis in adulthood is well established. However, genetic factors might confound or moderate this association.AimsUsing a catchment-based case-control sample, we explored the main effects of, and interplay between, childhood adversity and family psychiatric history on the onset of psychosis.MethodChildhood adversity (parental separation and death, physical and sexual abuse) was assessed retrospectively in 224 individuals with a first presentation of psychosis and 256 community controls from South London, UK. Occurrence of psychotic and affective disorders in first-degree relatives was ascertained with the Family Interview for Genetic Studies (FIGS).ResultsParental history of psychosis did not confound the association between childhood adversity and psychotic disorder. There was no evidence that childhood adversity and familial liability combined synergistically to increase odds of psychosis beyond the effect of each individually.ConclusionsOur results do not support the hypothesis that family psychiatric history amplifies the effect of childhood adversity on odds of psychosis.