Volatile oils obtained by hydrodistillation of the fresh leaves, leafy shoots, rhizomes, flowers, peduncles and whole plant (leaves, leafy shoots and rhizomes) of Etlingera fulgens were analyzed by gas chromatography with flame ionization detector (GC-FID) and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Fifty five compounds were identified. Some of these components are common in two or more plant parts. The fresh leaf, leafy shoot, rhizome, whole plant, flower, and peduncle oils of E. fulgens comprised terpenes (5.03–24.49 %) and non-terpenic components (65.84–90.46 %). The terpenes include monoterpenes (1.92– 3.22 %), oxygenated monoterpenes (0.87–17.71 %), sesquiterpenes (0–10.05 %), oxygenated sesquiterpenes (0–0.84 %) and oxygenated diterpens (0–0.85 %), while non-terpenic compounds consist of hydrocarbons (31.21–52.26 %), aldehydes (0–10.49 %), ketones (1.29–5.86 %), alcohols (8.22–15.4 9%), esters (19.13–30.68 %) and non-terpenic carboxylic acids (0–7.04 %). In the oils of E. fulgens, non-terpenic compounds were identified as major constituents.