New NiMo hydrodesulfurization catalysts supported on a variety of calcium phosphate solids made of apatite materials, have been synthesized. Apatites have been prepared by a co-precipitation method in basic medium, with the use of industrial phosphoric acid of various purities (29%, 54% or 60wt.% P2O5) instead of research-grade ammonium hydrogenophosphate. Characterization techniques have revealed that supports obtained from industrial 60% P2O5 phosphoric acid and from ammonium hydrogenophosphate are both Ca-deficient hydroxyapatites. The presence of fluoroapatite has been evidenced on the supports prepared with industrial acid of lower purity. Molybdenum then nickel ions have been deposited on supports by successive impregnation. Catalytic activities have been measured for the hydrogenolysis reaction of dimethyldisulfide. Catalysts prepared with hydroxyapatite synthesized from ammonium hydrogenophosphate and phosphoric acid 60% present similar activities and are found to be more active than an industrial catalyst NiMoP/Al2O3 used as a reference. The higher activity is explained by the presence of superficial HPO42− species and surface cationic vacancies leading to a better dispersion of the NiMo active phase.