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Taylor and Francis Group, Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association, 7(59), p. 826-833, 2009

DOI: 10.3155/1047-3289.59.7.826

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Characterization of the Sunset Semi-Continuous Carbon Aerosol Analyzer

Journal article published in 2009 by Jace J. Bauer, Xiao-Ying Yu ORCID, Robert Cary, Nels Laulainen, Carl Berkowitz
This paper is made freely available by the publisher.
This paper is made freely available by the publisher.

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Abstract

The field-deployable Sunset Semi-Continuous Organic Carbon/Elemental Carbon (Sunset OCEC) aerosol analyzer utilizes the modified National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health thermal-optical method to determine total carbon (TC), organic carbon (OC), and elemental carbon (EC) at near real-time. Two sets of OC and EC are available: thermal OC and EC, and optical OC and EC. The former is obtained by the thermal-optical approach, and the latter is obtained by directly determining EC optically and deriving optical OC from TC. However, the performance of the Sunset OCEC is not yet fully characterized. Two collocated Sunset OCEC analyzers, Unit A and Unit B, were used to determine the pooled relative standard deviation (RSD) and limit of detection (LOD) between September 18 and November 6, 2007 in Richland, WA. The LOD of Unit A was approximately 0.2 microgC/m3 (0.1 microgC/cm2) for TC, optical OC, and thermal OC, and 0.01 microgC/m3 (0.01 microgC/cm2) for optical EC. Similarly, Unit B had an LOD of approximately 0.3 microgC/m3 (0.2 microgC/cm2) for TC, optical OC, and thermal OC, and 0.02 microgC/m3 (0.01 microgC/cm2) for optical EC. The LOD for thermal EC is estimated to be 0.2 microgC/m3 (0.1 microgC/cm2) for both units. The pooled RSDs were 4.9% for TC (carbon mass loadings 0.6-6.0 microgC/cm2), 5.6% for optical OC (carbon mass loadings 0.6-5.4 microgC/cm2), 5.3% for thermal OC (carbon mass loadings 0.6-5.3 microgC/ cm2), and 9.6% for optical EC (carbon mass loadings 0-1.4 microgC/cm2), which indicates good precision between the instruments. The RSD for thermal EC is higher at 24.3% (carbon mass loadings 0-1.2 microgC/cm2). Low EC mass loadings in Richland contributed to the poor RSD of EC. The authors found that excessive noise from the nondispersive infrared (NDIR) laser in the Sunset OCEC analyzer could result in a worsened determination of OC and EC. It is recommended that a "quieter" NDIR laser and detector be used in the Sunset OCEC analyzer to improve quantification. Future work should re-evaluate the precision of the EC parameters in an environment favorable for EC collection. Investigation among quantification differences using various thermal-optical protocols to determine OC and EC is also in need.