American Geophysical Union, Geophysical Research Letters, 23(41), p. 8221-8227, 2014
DOI: 10.1002/2014gl062287
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The Martian ionosphere directly interacts with the solar wind due to lack of a significant intrinsic magnetic field, and an interface is formed in between. The interface is usually recognized by two kinds of indicators: the ionopause identified from ionospheric density profiles and the photoelectron boundary (PEB) determined from the electron energy spectrum at higher energies. However, the difference between them remains unclear. We have determined the locations of crossings of the ionopause and PEB from Mars Express observations during 2005-2013, and found that the average position of the PEB appears to be ~200 km higher than that of the ionopause, which corresponds to 103 cm−3 in the electron density profile. The discrepancy can be explained by cross field transport of photoelectrons.