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American Chemical Society, Journal of Physical Chemistry C, 46(115), p. 23030-23035, 2011

DOI: 10.1021/jp2076269

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On the Generation of Hot-Spots by Microwave Electric and Magnetic Fields and Their Impact on a Microwave-Assisted Heterogeneous Reaction in the Presence of Metallic Pd Nanoparticles on an Activated Carbon Support

Journal article published in 2011 by Satoshi Horikoshi, Atsushi Osawa, Masahiko Abe ORCID, Nick Serpone
This paper is available in a repository.
This paper is available in a repository.

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Abstract

This article examines the generation of hot-spots and their impact in the heterogeneous Suzuki–Miyaura coupling reaction for the synthesis of 4-methylbiphenyl in toluene solvent in the presence of Pd/AC. Hot-spots easily formed on the surface of the activated carbon (AC) catalyst support under high electric field conditions; they were recorded in real time using a high-speed camera. Chemical yields of 4-methylbiphenyl under the microwaves’ magnetic field (H-field) were 2-fold greater than those under electric field (E-field) conditions at identical temperatures and reaction times (120 min). Microwave E-field irradiation with a high accuracy device enhanced generation of hot-spots. Excessive formation of hot-spots impacted negatively on this coupling reaction.