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BioMed Central, BMC Public Health, 1(10), 2010

DOI: 10.1186/1471-2458-10-158

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The prevalence of stunting, overweight and obesity, and metabolic disease risk in rural South African children

Journal article published in 2010 by Elizabeth W. Kimani-Murage ORCID, Kathleen Kahn, John M. Pettifor, Stephen M. Tollman, David B. Dunger ORCID, Xavier F. Gómez-Olivé, Shane A. Norris
This paper is made freely available by the publisher.
This paper is made freely available by the publisher.

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Abstract

Abstract Background Low- to middle-income countries are undergoing a health transition with non-communicable diseases contributing substantially to disease burden, despite persistence of undernutrition and infectious diseases. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence and patterns of stunting and overweight/obesity, and hence risk for metabolic disease, in a group of children and adolescents in rural South Africa. Methods A cross-sectional growth survey was conducted involving 3511 children and adolescents 1-20 years, selected through stratified random sampling from a previously enumerated population living in Agincourt sub-district, Mpumalanga Province, South Africa. Anthropometric measurements including height, weight and waist circumference were taken using standard procedures. Tanner pubertal assessment was conducted among adolescents 9-20 years. Growth z-scores were generated using 2006 WHO standards for children up to five years and 1977 NCHS/WHO reference for older children. Overweight and obesity for those