The objective of this study was to investigate the prevalence of weight loss maintenance in a population-based sample of the German adult population. German adults were recruited based on the random digital-dialing methodology. Using computer-assisted telephone interviewing, weight loss maintenance was assessed, defined as having intentionally lost at least 10% from maximum weight and having maintained it for at least 1 year at the time of the survey. A total of 2,095 noninstitutionalized adults were randomly selected from all parts of Germany and the data of 957 respondents were included into the analysis. Of those who were at least overweight (BMI >or= 25 kg/m(2)) at their maximum weight, 17.7% reported having maintained a current weight loss of >or=10% of their maximum weight for at least 1 year. Among participants who reported a maximum weight in the obese range (BMI >or= 30 kg/m(2)), 29.7% reported successful 1-year weight loss maintenance. Among at least overweight participants, being younger and female, and having a higher maximum BMI were significant predictors of successful 1-year weight loss maintenance. The results suggest that successful weight loss maintenance is not uncommon in the general population, particularly in formerly obese participants. More should be learned about the strategies that successful weight maintainers use to avoid regaining weight.