Published in

Elsevier, Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology, 2(399), p. 130-134

DOI: 10.1016/j.jembe.2011.02.014

Links

Tools

Export citation

Search in Google Scholar

Positive and negative effects of a dominant competitor on the settlement, growth, and survival of competing species in an epibenthic community

Journal article published in 2011 by Danielle C. Claar ORCID, Kyle F. Edwards, John J. Stachowicz
This paper is available in a repository.
This paper is available in a repository.

Full text: Download

Green circle
Preprint: archiving allowed
Red circle
Postprint: archiving forbidden
Red circle
Published version: archiving forbidden
Data provided by SHERPA/RoMEO

Abstract

Because dominant competitors can monopolize resources, any positive effects they have on other species can have large community impacts. The solitary tunicate Ascidia ceratodes is a dominant competitor in the fouling community in Bodega Harbor, CA. This tunicate preempts primary substratum from competitors, but its thick tunic also allows other species to grow on its surface. The net effect of Ascidia on the community as a whole therefore depends on the balance between competitive and facilitative effects. In this study we evaluate the facilitative effects of Ascidia on different life stages of common competing species. We quantified larval settlement onto Ascidia compared to unoccupied space; we quantified the growth rate on Ascidia of small colonies of two common species; and we measured whether established colonies could escape overgrowth by Ascidia by growing onto its tunic. We found evidence for high rates of settlement on Ascidia, with some species showing higher and others lower settlement relative to that observed on free space. The growth rate of settlers was generally lower on Ascidia compared to primary substratum. We also found that colonial species established on primary space commonly escape overgrowth from Ascidia by growing onto Ascidia, as this occurs in about half of all encounters. This study indicates that the total effect of Ascidia on the community will depend on species-specific and life stage-specific effects, with likely long-term consequences for the diversity and composition of the community.