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“Evaluation of native bacteria isolated from nematodes to control Meloidogyne sp”

This paper is available in a repository.
This paper is available in a repository.

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Abstract

The use of bacteria for controlling nematodes in protected culture systems is an alternative to chemical products. In this work the biological control efficacy toward Meloidogyne spp of three native bacteria isolated from parasitic nematodes was evaluated in pot trials with Cucurbita maxima RG-T150 under greenhouse conditions. 20 ml de bacterial cell cultures (Bacillus thuringiensis CIGBR23, Sphingobacterium sp CIGBTb and Stenotrophomonas sp CIGBG1) at concentrations of 107-108 ufc/mL were applied to the soil surface infested with 500 eggs of Meloidogyne 2 days before. There were 5 replicates for treatment. After 5 days, seeds of Cucurbita maximum var RG-T150 previously germinated and bacterized were sowed. The gall index, shoot lengh, shoot weight, roots lengh, roots weight and some possible pathogenicity traits were determined at 35 days. Meloidogyne sp was controlled by the three strains. Sphingobacterium sp CIGBTb was the most effective treatment and it reduced the infestation index from 3 to 1 while Bacillus thuringiensis CIGB R23 to 1,6 and Stenotrophomonas sp CIGBG1 to 1,7. Sphingobacterium sp CIGBTb furthermore diminished significantly in 61,8% the number of nodules in the roots of Cucurbita maxima (P<0,05) and the rest of the treatments in a little more than 30%. Bacillus thuringiensis CIGB R23 increased the plants weight in 17% over the control. The three strains presented chitinases enzymes, two bacteria (CIGBR23 and CIGBG1) also excreted lipases and proteases, while CIGBG1 in addition produces phospholipases and sulfhídric acid and CIGBTb release a chitosanase. These strains therefore can to allow the implementation of new strategies to development bionematicidic and /or for the integral plagues management.