Buriti (Mauritia flexuosa L. f.) is a palm widely distributed in the Amazon Rain Forest of Brazil. Oil is extracted from buriti fruit and popularly used as a food resource and for medicinal purposes. Herein we report the use of an integrative approach based on mass spectrometry (MS) techniques comprising gas chromatography coupled to electron ionization mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and easy ambient sonic-spray ionization mass spectrometry (EASI-MS) with the objective to provide comprehensive lipid characterization of buriti oil. GC-MS analysis revealed the presence of many fatty acids (oleic, palmitic and linoleic), sterols beyond α- and β-tocopherol in buriti oil. EASI-MS allowed the characterization of fatty acids and many triaclyglycerides (TAG) in the negative and positive ion mode, respectively. Additionally, the antioxidant capacity (AC) was measured by the oxygen radical absorbance capacity assay (ORAC); this test was carried with the lipophilic and hydrophilic fractions of the buriti oil. Results revealed a lypophilic antioxidant capacity (LAC) of 1.8 ± 0.01 and hydrophilic antioxidant capacity (HAC) of 8.3 ± 0.01 μmol Trolox equivalents (TE) g−1 indicating that the buriti oil comprises a reliable source of antioxidant compounds that can be more explored for food purposes.