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Sociedade Brasileira de Química, Química Nova, 2(37)

DOI: 10.5935/0100-4042.20140040

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Impregnation of 12-tungstophosphoric acid on silica - Part II: effect of different solvents on the impregnation and catalytic activity in methyl esterification of stearic acid.

This paper is made freely available by the publisher.
This paper is made freely available by the publisher.

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Abstract

Recebido em 24/04/2013; aceito em 06/09/2013; publicado na web em 16/10/2013 IMPREGNATION OF 12-TUNGSTOPHOSPHORIC ACID ON SILICA—PART II: EFFECT OF DIFFERENT SOLVENTS ON THE IMPREGNATION AND CATALYTIC ACTIVITY IN METHYL ESTERIFICATION OF STEARIC ACID. Materials obtained by the immobilization of 12-tungstophosphoric acid (PTA) on silica using the method of impregnation with excess solution in distinct solvents (aqueous HCl, methanol:H 2 O, and acetonitrile) were evaluated for use as catalysts in the methyl esterification of stearic acid. Optimum conditions were established for the impregnation of 0.5 g (w/w) of PTA on amorphous silica, under stirring at 150 rpm for 24 h, using 20 mL of 0.1 mol L −1 HCl as the solvent. After calcination at 200 °C, high conversions were obtained under mild reaction conditions, resulting in high turnover numbers. The catalyst was evaluated in ten catalytic cycles of use, where the activity was reduced only slightly, attesting its stability and the possibility to apply it to industrial production of methylesters. INTRODUÇÃO O desenvolvimento sustentável requer mudanças em processos e produtos a fim de que sejam viáveis e ambientalmente corretos. Neste sentido a indústria química busca novas alternativas para processos catalíticos homogêneos, pois estes geram resíduos potencialmente tóxicos e de tratamento mais complexo. Desta forma, a busca por novos catalisadores sólidos tem sido incorporada comercialmente devido ao fato da sua recuperação ser facilitada, além de diminuir o número de etapas para a obtenção dos produtos. Entre estes catalisa-dores, os heteropoliácidos (HPA) vêm se destacando, principalmente devido a sua alta reatividade, seletividade, entre outras propriedades.