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Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Ministério da Saúde, Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz., 2(109), p. 229-235, 2014

DOI: 10.1590/0074-0276140273

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Epidemiological aspects of influenza A related to climatic conditions during and after a pandemic period in the city of Salvador, northeastern Brazil

Journal article published in 2014 by Rosangela de Castro Silva, Silva,Rosangela de Castro, Rosangela de Castro Silva, Siqueira,Marilda Agudo Mendonça, Marilda Agudo Mendonça Siqueira, Netto,Eduardo Martins, Eduardo Martins Netto, Bastos,Jacione Silva, Jacione Silva Bastos, Nascimento-Carvalho,Cristiana Maria, Cristiana Maria Nascimento-Carvalho, Vilas-Boas,Ana Luisa, Ana Luisa Vilas-Boas, Bouzas,Maiara Lana, Maiara Lana Bouzas and other authors.
This paper is made freely available by the publisher.
This paper is made freely available by the publisher.

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Abstract

During the influenza pandemic of 2009, the A(H1N1)pdm09, A/H3N2 seasonal and influenza B viruses were observed to be co-circulating with other respiratory viruses. To observe the epidemiological pattern of the influenza virus between May 2009-August 2011, 467 nasopharyngeal aspirates were collected from children less than five years of age in the city of Salvador. In addition, data on weather conditions were obtained. Indirect immunofluorescence, real-time transcription reverse polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), and sequencing assays were performed for influenza virus detection. Of all 467 samples, 34 (7%) specimens were positive for influenza A and of these, viral characterisation identified Flu A/H3N2 in 25/34 (74%) and A(H1N1)pdm09 in 9/34 (26%). Influenza B accounted for a small proportion (0.8%) and the other respiratory viruses for 27.2% (127/467). No deaths were registered and no pattern of seasonality or expected climatic conditions could be established. These observations are important for predicting the evolution of epidemics and in implementing future anti-pandemic measures.