利用水热法合成出分散的球形纳米Fe3O4，探讨含十二烷基三甲基溴化铵表面活性剂合成样品形貌和尺寸. 测试表明Fe3O4纳米球呈现出优越的倍率性能和循环性能. ; Dispersed spherical Fe3O4 nanoparticles were synthesized by a hydrothermal method. The influences of odecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide (DTAB) concentration on the morphology and particle size of the as-prepared Fe3O4 were studied. Electrochemical performance of the as-prepared sample as anode materials of lithium ion battery was investigated. It is found that the as-prepared sample exhibits superior rate performance and cycle performance. The nano-sized materials provide structural stability and favor the transfer of lithium ions. ; 国家自然科学基金项目(No. U1134002)资助 ; 作者联系地址：华南师范大学 电化学储能材料与技术教育部工程研究中心，化学与环境学院，广州，510006 ; Author's Address: Engineering Research Center of Materials and Technology for Electrochemical Energy Storage Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China ; 通讯作者E-mail：zouhli@163.com