Hydrogenation of 1,3-butadiene and 1-butyne over the Rh/chitosan catalyst in gaseous and liquid phases was investigated by using the NMR and parahydrogen-induced polarization technique. The Rh/chitosan system was a very selective catalyst for the partial hydrogenation of 1,3-butadiene and 1-butyne to 1- and 2-butenes. The catalyst demonstrated high activity in the hydrogenation of 1-butyne after its activation in the hydrogenation of 1,3-butadiene. Therefore, the Rh/chitosan catalyst was used for the catalytic removal of 1,3-butadiene and 1-butyne from gaseous butene streams. Moreover, the syn- and anti-addition of the hydrogen molecule to substrates proceeded in a pairwise manner in the gas phase heterogeneous hydrogenation as was demonstrated by parahydrogen-induced polarization. However, in the liquid phase hydrogenation of 1-butyne, both hydrogen atoms from the same hydrogen molecule were added to 1-butyne only through the syn-addition route. ; RFBR 11-03-93995-CSIC a 11-03-00248-a 12-03-00403-a ; SB RAS 60 61 57 122 ; Program of support of leading scientific schools NSh-2429.2012.3 ; Russian Government 11.G34.31.0045 ; Primo Arnau, AM.; Corma Canós, A.; Barskiy, DA.; Kovtunov, KV.; Kaptein, R.; Koptyug, IV. (2012). Selective hydrogenation of 1,3-butadiene and 1-butyne over a Rh/chitosan catalyst investigated by using parahydrogen-induced polarization. ChemCatChem. 4:1-6. doi:10.1002/cctc.201200414. ; Senia ; 1 ; 6 ; 4