Environmental pollutants can be divided into four broad categories, narcosis-type chemicals, less inert (“polar narcosis”) chemicals, reactive chemicals, and specifically acting chemicals. For narcosis-type, or baseline, chemicals and for less inert chemicals, adequate quantitative structure-activity relationships (QSARs) are available for estimation of toxicity to aquatic species. This is not the case for reactive chemicals and specifically acting chemicals. A possible approach to develop aquatic toxicity QSARs for reactive chemicals based on simple considerations regarding their reactivity is given. It is shown that quantum chemical calculations on reaction transition states can be used to quantitatively predict the reactivity of sets of reactive chemicals. These predictions can then be used to develop aquatic toxicity QSARs.