Five ionic imidazolium based monomers, namely 1-vinyl-3-ethylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide (ILM1), 1-vinyl-3-(diethoxyphosphinyl)-propylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide (ILM2), 1-[2-(2-methyl-acryloyloxy)-propyl]-3-methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide (ILM3), 1-[2-(2-methyl-acryloyloxy)-undecyl]-3-methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide (ILM4), 1-vinyl-3-ethylimidazolium dicyanamide (ILM5) were prepared and used for the synthesis of linear polymeric ionic liquids (PILs), crosslinked networks with polyethyleneglycol dimethacrylate (PEGDM) and interpenetrating polymer networks (IPNs) based on polybutadiene (PB). The ionic conductivities of IPNs prepared using an in situ strategy were found to depend on the ILM nature, Tg and the ratio of the other components. Novel ionic IPNs are characterized by increased flexibility, small swelling ability in ionic liquids (ILs) along with high conductivity and preservation of mechanical stability even in a swollen state. The maximum conductivity for a pure IPN was equal to 3.6 × 10−5 S/cm at 20 °C while for IPN swollen in [1-Me-3-Etim] (CN)2N σ reached 8.5 × 10−3 S/cm at 20 °C or 1.4 × 10−2 S/cm at 50 °C.