This first checklist of the vascular plants of Pongara National Park in coastal Gabon comprises 385 taxa. The checklist is based on a botanical inventory carried out in 2006-2007 and on existing collections from the Park. Information on ecology and chorology is given for each species. Ninety-five species were collected in the littoral savannah, half of which belonged to Poaceae, Cyperaceae and Orchidaceae, and 356 species in the littoral forest, mainly Rubiaceae (33), Orchidaceae (15) and Euphorbiaceae (12). The savannah has a much higher percentage of widespread species than the forest. Eighty-three species are endemic to Lower Guinea, nine of which are endemic or near endemic to Gabon.