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American Chemical Society, ACS Nano, 11(8), p. 11225-11233, 2014

DOI: 10.1021/nn505700x

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Alkali reduction of graphene oxide in molten halide salts: Production of corrugated graphene derivatives for high-performance supercapacitors

This paper is made freely available by the publisher.
This paper is made freely available by the publisher.

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Abstract

We present an energy efficient, green and facile approach to the successful reduction of graphene oxide (GO) materials using molten halide flux at 400°C. GO materials have been synthesized by a modified Hummers method and subsequently reduced for periods of up to 8 h. Reduced GO (rGO) flakes have been characterized using X-ray-diffraction (XRD), Raman spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), all indicating a significantly reduced amount of oxygen-containing functionalities on the rGO materials. Furthermore impressive electrical conductivities and electrochemical capacitances have been measured for the rGO flakes, which along with the morphology determined from scanning electron microscopy, highlighting the role of surface corrugation in these rGO materials.