Carbon-based nanomaterials with a particle size of less than 10 nm are known as carbon dots (CDs). It is well recognized that these nanoparticles have a wide range of applications in the field of innovative drug delivery for conditions including cancer, infectious diseases, ocular illnesses, and brain disorders. CDs possess biocompatibility, eco-friendliness, ease of synthesis, and reduced cytotoxicity. Additionally, they exhibit exceptional chemical inertness, rendering them highly suitable as nanocarrier systems for the potential delivery of multi-functional drugs. Currently, a large number of researchers worldwide are studying CD-based drug delivery systems to evaluate their efficacy and versatility in the pharmaceutical industry. As a result, our understanding of the physicochemical properties, diagnostic potential, and drug delivery features of CDs has significantly advanced. The design and development of a theranostic system based on CDs for the treatment of numerous illnesses has been spurred by this progress. The subject of nanotechnology has advanced significantly in recent years, especially in the fields of dentistry and medicine. The application of nanotechnology in the field of periodontics is known as nano periodontics. Nanoscale materials are superior to typical materials in terms of their qualities and performance, which makes them very useful in many different disciplines such as medication administration, therapy, diagnosis, prevention, and dental implant coatings. Our goal in writing this paper is to provide an overview of the prospective uses of CDs in the future for several applications related to oral and periodontal health, particularly as a drug delivery system using nanocarriers.