BACKGROUND: LMNA ( lamin A/C )-related dilated cardiomyopathy is a rare genetic cause of heart failure. In a phase 2 trial and long-term extension, the selective p38α MAPK (mitogen-activated protein kinase) inhibitor, ARRY-371797 (PF-07265803), was associated with an improved 6-minute walk test at 12 weeks, which was preserved over 144 weeks. METHODS: REALM-DCM (NCT03439514) was a phase 3, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial in patients with symptomatic LMNA -related dilated cardiomyopathy. Patients with confirmed LMNA variants, New York Heart Association class II/III symptoms, left ventricular ejection fraction ≤50%, implanted cardioverter-defibrillator, and reduced 6-minute walk test distance were randomized to ARRY-371797 400 mg twice daily or placebo. The primary outcome was a change from baseline at week 24 in the 6-minute walk test distance using stratified Hodges-Lehmann estimation and the van Elteren test. Secondary outcomes using similar methodology included change from baseline at week 24 in the Kansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire-physical limitation and total symptom scores, and NT-proBNP (N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide) concentration. Time to a composite outcome of worsening heart failure or all-cause mortality and overall survival were evaluated using Kaplan-Meier and Cox proportional hazards analyses. RESULTS: REALM-DCM was terminated after a planned interim analysis suggested futility. Between April 2018 and October 2022, 77 patients (aged 23–72 years) received ARRY-371797 (n=40) or placebo (n=37). No significant differences ( P >0.05) between groups were observed in the change from baseline at week 24 for all outcomes: 6-minute walk test distance (median difference, 4.9 m [95% CI, −24.2 to 34.1]; P =0.82); Kansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire-physical limitation score (2.4 [95% CI, −6.4 to 11.2]; P =0.54); Kansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire-total symptom score (5.3 [95% CI, −4.3 to 14.9]; P =0.48); and NT-proBNP concentration (−339.4 pg/mL [95% CI, −1131.6 to 452.7]; P =0.17). The composite outcome of worsening heart failure or all-cause mortality (hazard ratio, 0.43 [95% CI, 0.11–1.74]; P =0.23) and overall survival (hazard ratio, 1.19 [95% CI, 0.23–6.02]; P =0.84) were similar between groups. No new safety findings were observed. CONCLUSIONS: Findings from REALM-DCM demonstrated futility without safety concerns. An unmet treatment need remains among patients with LMNA -related dilated cardiomyopathy. REGISTRATION: URL: https://classic.clinicaltrials.gov ; Unique Identifiers: NCT03439514, NCT02057341, and NCT02351856.