Published in

Massachusetts Institute of Technology Press, Network Neuroscience, p. 1-30, 2024

DOI: 10.1162/netn_a_00388

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Transcranial ultrasound stimulation effect in the redundant and synergistic networks consistent across macaques

This paper is made freely available by the publisher.
This paper is made freely available by the publisher.

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Preprint: archiving restricted
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Postprint: archiving restricted
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Data provided by SHERPA/RoMEO

Abstract

Abstract Low-intensity transcranial ultrasound stimulation (TUS) is a non-invasive technique that safely alters neural activity, reaching deep brain areas with good spatial accuracy. We investigated the effects of TUS in macaques using a recent metric, the synergy minus redundancy rank gradient, that quantifies different kinds of neural information processing. We analyzed this high-order quantity on the fMRI data after TUS in two targets: the supplementary motor area (SMA-TUS) and the frontal polar cortex (FPC-TUS). The TUS produced specific changes at the limbic network at FPC-TUS and the motor network at SMA-TUS and altered the sensorimotor, temporal, and frontal networks in both targets, mostly consistent across macaques. Moreover, there was a reduction in the structural and functional coupling after both stimulations. Finally, the TUS changed the intrinsic high-order network topology, decreasing the modular organization of the redundancy at SMA-TUS and increasing the synergistic integration at FPC-TUS.