Background Responsible artificial intelligence (RAI) emphasizes the use of ethical frameworks implementing accountability, responsibility, and transparency to address concerns in the deployment and use of artificial intelligence (AI) technologies, including privacy, autonomy, self-determination, bias, and transparency. Standards are under development to guide the support and implementation of AI given these considerations. Objective The purpose of this review is to provide an overview of current research evidence and knowledge gaps regarding the implementation of RAI principles and the occurrence and resolution of ethical issues within AI systems. Methods A scoping review following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR) guidelines was proposed. PubMed, ERIC, Scopus, IEEE Xplore, EBSCO, Web of Science, ACM Digital Library, and ProQuest (Arts and Humanities) will be systematically searched for articles published since 2013 that examine RAI principles and ethical concerns within AI. Eligibility assessment will be conducted independently and coded data will be analyzed along themes and stratified across discipline-specific literature. Results The results will be included in the full scoping review, which is expected to start in June 2024 and completed for the submission of publication by the end of 2024. Conclusions This scoping review will summarize the state of evidence and provide an overview of its impact, as well as strengths, weaknesses, and gaps in research implementing RAI principles. The review may also reveal discipline-specific concerns, priorities, and proposed solutions to the concerns. It will thereby identify priority areas that should be the focus of future regulatory options available, connecting theoretical aspects of ethical requirements for principles with practical solutions. International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID) PRR1-10.2196/52349