An electrochemical biosensor for the detection of glucose is realized by immobilizing glucose oxidase (GOx) enzyme onto titanium dioxide nanotube arrays by a coupling encapsulation process. We present details of a robust fabrication technique that results in a durable and reproducible sensor characteristics. The TiO₂ nanotube arrays are grown directly on a titanium substrate by a potentiostatic anodization process in a water and ethylene-glycol mixture solution, which contains ammonium fluoride. An electropolymerization process was also performed to enhance interfacial adhesion between GOx and TiO₂ nanotubes. Detection of glucose concentrations was achieved with a linear response in the range of 0.01 to 0.2 mM. Investigation of enhanced sensitivity by increasing the count, the length, and the cross-section of the nanotubes was also carried out. Surface morphologies of Ti substrate were examined by scanning electron microscopy to optimize the anodization process and thus the TiO₂/Ti nanotube dimensions. We utilized a time-based amperometric response for the quantitative determination of hydrogen peroxide concentration through electro-reduction reaction with a bare TiO₂/Ti nanotube-array electrodes, thus providing a reference for the determination of glucose levels with a GOx-coated TiO₂/Ti nanotube array electrodes. Detection levels down to 5.2 μM were recorded.