Significance Population structure and speciation are shaped by a combination of biotic and abiotic factors. The tiger salamander complex has been considered a key group in which life history variation has led to a rapid rate of speciation, driven in large part by the evolution of obligate paedomorphosis—a condition in which adults maintain an aquatic, larval phenotype. Using a large multilocus dataset, we present evidence of gene flow between taxa with different life history strategies, suggesting that obligate paedomorphosis is not a strong driver of speciation in the tiger salamander complex. Many of these nominal taxa are listed as critically endangered, and our genetic results provide information and guidance that will be useful for their conservation.