ABSTRACT Objectives: to identify the socio-spatial determinants associated with the incidence of infection by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) described in national and international literature. Methods: integrative literature review that included original articles indexed in the LILACS, PUBMED, CINAHL, and Scopus databases, from 2015 to 2019. The synthesis of the articles was done in a descriptive manner in two categories according to the type of approach. Results: 13 articles were selected, with a predominance of ecological studies. Regions with deficient access to health services, high population density, higher rates of poverty, intense migratory flow, border areas, as well as precarious socioeconomic conditions, and risk behaviors are associated with higher rates of infection. Final Considerations: the influence of regional inequalities on the incidence of HIV infection is revealed, confirming the relevance of spatial analysis techniques for mapping the distribution of diseases and identifying risk areas.