Efficient transdisciplinary cooperation promotes the rapid discovery and clinical application of new technologies, especially in the competitive sector of oncology. In this review, written from a clinical-scientist point of view, we used glioblastoma—the most common and most aggressive primary brain tumor as a model disease with a largely unmet clinical need, despite decades of intensive research—to promote transdisciplinary medicine. Glioblastoma stem-like cells (GSCs), a special tumoral cell population analogue to healthy stem cells, are considered largely responsible for the progression of the disease and the mediation of therapy resistance. The presented work followed the concept of translational science, which generates the theoretical backbones of translational research projects, and aimed to close the preclinical gap between basic research and clinical application. Thus, this generated an integrated translational precision medicine pipeline model based on recent theoretical and experimental publications, which supports the accelerated discovery and development of new paths in the treatment of GSCs. The work may be of interest to the general field of precision medicine beyond the field of neuro-oncology such as in Cancer Neuroscience.