Methods: 79 subjects, mean age 68 ± 6 years, without existing cardiovascular disease or previous antihypertensive therapy were studied. LV volumes were calculated from the short axis stack of cardiac MRI and LV mass was indexed to height2.7. The presence of aortic sclerosis was assessed with echocardiography using backscatter from the aortic valve (AVBS) and visual scoring. Plasma asymmetric dimethylarginine levels and vascular responses to salbutamol were used to assess endothelial function. ANCOVA was used to test the relationship between LV mass index and afterload. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to find determinants of increased LV mass. Results: 15 (19%) of subjects had aortic sclerosis on the basis of AVBS; none had aortic valve areas