Objectives: Information on the quality of life of patients operated on for abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is scarce. The objective of this study was to analyse these patients’ health-related quality of life (HRQoL). Materials and Methods: This was a cross-sectional observational study. Patients undergoing elective AAA surgery from January 2013 to December 2020 were included. The Spanish version of the SF-36 questionnaire was administered to participants one to sixty months after surgery. Results: During the study period, 178 patients underwent surgery for AAA, 109 (61.23%) had open abdominal aortic repair (AAR) and 69 (38.54%) had endovascular aneurysm repair (EVAR). Mortality before the month of surgery was higher among those treated by AAR than EVAR (2.7% and 1.45%, respectively), while late mortality was higher in the EVAR group than in the AAR group (11.5% and 2.7%, respectively). In the late postoperative period, 12.5% of patients who underwent AAR presented complications compared to 25% of those treated with EVAR. The questionnaire was administered to 151 patients (91 AAR and 60 EVAR patients). The AAR patients compared to the EVAR patients had significantly higher mean scores on the health scales of the SF-36 questionnaire in Physical Function (p = 0.001), Vitality (p = 0.003), General Health (p = 0.37), Social Function (p = 0.023) and Mental Health (p = 0.006). Scores on the Mental Summary Component were significantly higher in the AAR group (p = 0.026). Conclusions: The group of patients treated with AAR showed the highest average scores on the scales of the SF-36 questionnaire in Physical Function, Vitality, General Health and Mental Health. The worst result was found in the Social Function scale for EVAR patients and was related to a higher rate of late complications.