AbstractThe organisation of a test performance study (TPS) requires significant inputs in finances, time, and a high level of expertise from the TPS organiser to ensure a smooth process and reliable results. In this book authors have used collective experience gained in the organization of 12 TPS studies, as well as previous extensive experience in the organization of similar studies to prepare a ‘textbook’ for organisers of future TPS not only in the field of plant pest detection, but also in other areas of microbiology. This chapter summarises the main challenges which can occur during the TPS organisation and provides the recommendations how to foresee them and successfully organize TPS.